Frequency Control | Teaching Resources
The Frequency Control Teaching Resources page provides links to review tutorials and other literature. Some resources may require UFFC membership.
Review Papers
Atomic Sensors – A Review
by J. Kitching, S. Knappe, & E.A. Donley
The Acceleration Sensitivity of Quartz Crystal Oscillators: A Review
by Raymond L. Filler
Acceleration Effects in Crystal Filters-A Tutorial ![]()
by R. C. Smythe
Introduction to Quartz Frequency Standards
by John R. Vig
The Constants Of Alpha Quartz
by Roger W. Ward
Piezoelectricity: Venerable Effects, Modern Thrusts ![]()
by Arthur Ballato
Doubly Rotated Thickness Mode Plate Vibrators ![]()
by Arthur Ballato
The Aging of Bulk Acoustic Wave Resonators, Filters and Oscillators
by John R. Vig and Thrygve R. Meeker
Hysteresis in Quartz Resonators-A Review
by John A. Kusters and John R. Vig
Survey Quartz Bulk Resonator Sensor Technologies
by Errol P. EerNisse, Roger W.Ward, and Robert B. Wiggins
Influence of a Magnetic Field on Quartz Crystal Resonators
by Remi Brendel
Applications of Surface Acoustic and Shallow Bulk Acoustic Wave Devices ![]()
by Colin K. Campbell
Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) and Leap Seconds
edited by George Kamas and Sandra L. Howe
The Calculation Of Time Domain Frequency Stability
by William J. Riley
(Quartz) Frequency Control Devices ![]()
by John R. Vig and Arthur Ballato
Tutorials
Low Noise Oscillator Design and Performance
by Michael M. Driscoll
The Fundamental Theory of Low Noise Oscillators with Special Reference to Some Detailed Designs ![]()
by J. Everard
Quartz Crystal Resonators and Oscillators for Frequency Control and Timing Applications - A Tutorial
by John R. Vig - also available as a Power Point document (7.6 MB), and avi movies (right-click to save):
Flexure Mode (425 kB), Extensional Mode (802 kB),
Face Shear Mode (1 MB), Thickness Shear Mode (786 kB),
Thickness Shear Motion (3.8 MB), C Mode (964 kB),
B Mode (962 kB), Cesium Fountain (2.2 MB).
Sapphire Microwave Frequency Sources
by G. John Dick
Fundamentals of X-Ray Orientation of Quartz Crystals
by J. Kusters
Passive Atomic Frequency Standards
by Leonard S. Cutler
Rubidium Frequency Standard Technology
by William J. Riley
Advanced Atomic Clocks
by L. Maleki
Photonic Techniques in Frequency and Timing ![]()
by X.S. Yao
Design of SPUDT and RSPUDT SAW Filters ![]()
by Alexander S. Rukhlenko
Optimum and Suboptimum Design of FIR and SAW Filters: Remez Exchange Algorithm, LP, NLP, WLMS ![]()
by Alexander S. Rukhlenko
Mixed Scattering Matrix: Properties and Applications ![]()
by Alexander S. Rukhlenko
SAW Filter Analysis in the Quasi-Static Approximation: Theory and Algorithms ![]()
by Alexander S. Rukhlenko
Precision Measurements of Oscillators
by Samuel R. Stein
Properties Of Oscillator Signals And Measurement Methods
by D.A. Howe, D.W. Allan, and J.A. Barnes
Vibration-Induced Phase Noise in Signal Generation Hardware
by Joseph B. Donovan and Michael M. Driscoll
The Leeson Effect - Phase Noise in Feedback Oscillators ![]()
by Enrico Rubiola
Optical Frequency Measurement & Synthesis ![]()
by Jun Ye
PM and AM Noise Measurement Techniques - Part I
by Eva S. Ferre-Pikal
PM & AM Noise – Part II
by Craig Nelson
The Basics of Statistical Processes and Time and Frequency
by Victor S. Reinhardt
An Introduction to the Wavelet Analysis of Time Series ![]()
here are the Figures ![]()
by D.B. Percival
Principles of Phase Locked Loops (PLL) ![]()
by V.F. Kroupa
Frequency and Time Synthesis A Tutorial
by Victor S. Reinhardt
Clock Jitter
by R. Temple
The Hadamard Variance ![]()
by William J. Riley
Quartz Crystals vs. Their Environment: Time Bases or Sensors?
by Errol P. EerNisse, 2000 UFFC distinguished lecturer
Resonant Piezoelectric Devices as Physical and Biochemical Sensors
by Fabien Josse and Richard W. Cernosek
Wireless Passive SAW Identification Marks and Sensors
by Leonhard M. Reindl
Modeling of QCM Data ![]()
by Diethelm Johannsmann
Wireless and Mobile Acoustic Sensor Interrogation for (Bio)Chemical Sensing and Industrial Control
by J.-M Friedt, G. Martin, and S. Ballandras
Introduction to Time and Frequency Transfer
by Thomas E. Parker
Time and Frequency Transfer ![]()
by Judah Levine
The Calculation of Frequency Source Requirements for Digital Communications Systems
by Victor S. Reinhardt
Acoustics and Vibration Animations
by Dan Russell
NIST Time & Frequency Seminars
Books
Ph.D. Dissertations
Transmission-Line Analogs for Piezoelectric Layered Structures
by Arthur Ballato, 1972
